类型 | 公式 | 示例 |
基本阶乘化简 | \(n! = 1 \times 2 \times 3 \times \cdots \times n\) | 计算 \(5!\):根据定义,\(5! = 1 \times 2 \times 3 \times 4 \times 5 = 120\) |
利用阶乘的递推性质 | \(n! = n \times (n - 1)!\) | 已知 \(4! = 24\),求 \(5!\):根据递推性质,\(5! = 5 \times 4! = 5 \times 24 = 120\) |
计算组合数和排列数中的阶乘化简 | \(C_{n}^m = \frac{n!}{m!(n - m)!}\);\(P_{n}^m = \frac{n!}{(n - m)!}\) | 计算 \(C_{5}^2\):\(C_{5}^2=\frac{5!}{2!(5 - 2)!} = \frac{5 \times 4 \times 3!}{2 \times 1 \times 3!} = \frac{5 \times 4}{2 \times 1} = 10\) |
化简连续整数的乘积 | \(m \times (m + 1) \times \cdots \times (n - 1) \times n = \frac{n!}{(m - 1)!}\)(\(m\)、\(n\) 为自然数且 \(m< n\)) | 计算 \(3 \times 4 \times 5 \times 6\):\(3 \times 4 \times 5 \times 6 = \frac{6!}{2!} = \frac{720}{2} = 360\) |
双阶乘的化简 | \(n!! = n \times (n - 2) \times (n - 4) \times \cdots\)(当 \(n\) 为偶数时,表示不大于 \(n\) 的全部奇数的乘积;当 \(n\) 为奇数时,表示不大于 \(n\) 的全部偶数的乘积) | 计算 \(8!!\):\(8!! = 8 \times 6 \times 4 \times 2 = 384\) |
(图片来源网络,侵删)